The banking sector in Bangladesh faces challenges with its lowest profitability in South Asia, with the lowest return on assets (ROA) in South Asia due to high non-performing loans (NPLs), low efficiency, and elevated costs of funds. Bangladesh’s ROA dropped from 0.52% in 2022 to 0.43% in June 2023, contrasting with higher ROAs in neighboring countries. NPLs soared to Tk 134,396 crore, constituting 9.36% of total loans, surpassing other South Asian nations except Sri Lanka. The entry of fourth-generation banks intensified competition for deposits, leading to reduced profitability. Additionally, regulatory interventions, such as interest rate caps, constrained profit margins. Ownership changes in Islamic banks further deteriorated asset quality.
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