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Bangladesh’s readymade garment (RMG) exports to the United States saw a significant 26.64% increase during January-February 2025, reaching $1.50 billion, compared to $1.18 billion in the same period of 2024. This growth outpaced other major exporters like India, Pakistan, and Vietnam. In January, RMG exports surged by 45.9%, amounting to $799.65 million. However, the recent imposition of 37% tariffs by the US on Bangladeshi goods raises concerns about future competitiveness, with Bangladesh potentially losing ground to countries like India and Pakistan, which face lower tariffs. Despite this, Bangladesh’s competitive pricing, production capabilities, and commitment to sustainable manufacturing have helped boost exports, although experts predict a 25% drop in the near future due to tariff hikes. Bangladesh’s market share in the US declined to 9.26% in 2024, from 9.7% in 2022, indicating shifting global sourcing patterns.
Bangladesh’s current account deficit (CAD) decreased significantly to $1.27 billion during the July-February period of FY25, down from $4.07 billion in the same period of the previous fiscal year. This improvement is mainly attributed to higher remittance inflows, which increased by 22.6%, and a 9.1% growth in export earnings. Consequently, the balance of payments (BoP) deficit also improved, dropping to $1.11 billion from $4.44 billion in FY24. The financial account surplus rose to $1.42 billion, nearly doubling from the previous year. Despite these positive trends, economists caution that rising foreign debt interest payments and the imposition of new US tariffs could create challenges for future export growth. The US proposed a 37% tariff on Bangladeshi exports, up from 15%, which could impact the country’s trade relations, although Bangladesh might benefit if other countries like Vietnam and China face reduced exports to the US.
The government has proposed a Tk 8,00,000 crore budget for FY 2025-26, targeting 6% GDP growth and 6.5% inflation. The development budget is projected between Tk 2,30,000 crore and Tk 2,40,000 crore, with a revenue target of Tk 5,85,000 crore. The IMF is pushing for tax reforms as part of a $4.5 billion loan. However, economists, including Zahid Hussain, warn that the growth target is unrealistic due to declining investment trends, despite strong export and remittance figures. Prof. Selim Raihan criticized the budget’s assumptions, emphasizing the need for better execution.
The Power Division has requested Bangladesh Bank’s intervention to recover Tk 8.50 billion stuck with the financially troubled National Bank Limited (NBL), which has failed to transfer the remaining funds from a total of Tk 13.29 billion deposited by the Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) across three accounts in its Motijheel and foreign exchange branches. Although NBL has so far transferred Tk 4.78 billion, the remaining amount has been pending despite repeated BPDB requests. As a result, BPDB is struggling to pay dues for fuel (coal, gas, furnace oil), electricity imports from India, and bills for Independent and Small Power Producers (IPP/SIPP), rental and quick rental plants, and equipment suppliers for power projects. The fund blockage is creating a severe liquidity crisis for BPDB in fulfilling critical operational payments.
After interest rates were liberalized in May 2024, agricultural loan rates surged to 15–18%, up from a previous cap of 8%, resulting in a notable decline in disbursements. In the first eight months of the current fiscal year, banks disbursed Tk 22,126 crore in agricultural loans, which is Tk 1,565 crore or 6.60% less than the same period last year. In contrast, loans in other sectors have slightly increased. Although Bangladesh Bank set an annual agricultural loan target of Tk 38,000 crore for this fiscal year, achieving it now seems uncertain. Last year, Tk 37,154 crore was disbursed against a target of Tk 35,000 crore. A major reason for the decline is that many private and foreign banks lack the network to distribute loans directly, while NGOs are showing reduced interest. Still, loan recovery in the sector rose to Tk 24,424 crore during the same eight-month period, up Tk 1,762 crore or 7.78% from last year. By the end of February, outstanding agricultural loans stood at Tk 57,067 crore.
Over 60 large borrowers in Bangladesh have applied for loan restructuring amid severe financial distress driven by factors such as the COVID-19 aftermath, the Russia-Ukraine war, global economic slowdown, political instability, and currency devaluation. The Bangladesh Bank formed a five-member committee in January 2025 to assess the proposals, with loan sizes ranging from Tk150 crore to Tk12,500 crore and most seeking restructuring over a 15-year term. High-profile applicants include Beximco, JMI Group (over Tk2,000 crore), Abdul Monem Ltd (Tk800 crore), and Energypac. Notably, Beximco Pharma has not defaulted but applied proactively to secure operations. As of March 25, 30 banks had submitted restructuring proposals for 60 clients. Defaulted loans in the banking sector have soared to Tk345,765 crore (20.2% of total disbursed loans) as of December 2024, up from Tk284,977 crore in September — a three-month spike of Tk60,787 crore. In H2 2023 alone, defaults rose by Tk134,373 crore. Policy eligibility was expanded in March 2025 to include newer defaulters and financially stressed but non-defaulting firms. Priority is given to loans rescheduled three times or fewer. Borrowers must submit a repayment plan based on cash flow, with a submission deadline of April 30.
TRANSFORM, an impact accelerator led by Unilever, the UK Government, and EY, announced grants of up to BDT 10 million each for two Bangladeshi SMEs focused on climate resilience. Deshifarmer, an agri-tech platform, connects farmers directly to consumers, aiming to benefit 3,000 farmers and 20,000 consumers in its first year. Techno Plastic Solution addresses ocean plastic pollution by improving collection infrastructure and launching a pilot program in Kuakata to collect 100 tonnes of plastic waste monthly. The Bangladesh Climate Challenge, launched in October 2023, supports enterprises working on climate resilience through funding and resources. This collaboration between Unilever, the UK Government, and EY marks their first joint effort in Bangladesh. TRANSFORM has previously supported 10 other enterprises in Bangladesh, impacting over three million lives.
A proposed hike in gas prices by Petrobangla has sparked major concerns among industrialists in Bangladesh, fearing economic harm. Industrial leaders argue that the increase, if approved, could lead to factory closures, job losses, and reduced industrial output, harming economic growth and potentially causing social unrest. Critics like Kutubuddin Ahmed and Abdullah Hil Rakib highlight that rising power and production costs already challenge competitiveness. The proposal affects new and existing gas users, with significant cost increases tied to LNG imports and additional charges. Industry leaders urge the government to reconsider the proposal, warning of the detrimental impact on both industries and the broader economy.
In FY 2023-24, the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) faced operating losses due to reduced trading, fewer IPOs, and increased costs. The DSE’s core revenue of Tk 125 crore fell short of expenses, causing a Tk 20 crore loss, while the CSE incurred a Tk 10 crore loss with Tk 31 crore in core revenue. Both exchanges relied on fixed deposit interest to achieve net profits of Tk 61 crore (DSE) and Tk 31 crore (CSE).
Declining daily turnovers, down to Tk 622 crore for the DSE, coupled with poor fund management and risky investments in troubled banks and NBFIs, exacerbated challenges. Experts recommend reforms, product diversification, and stronger company listings to revitalize the market. Meanwhile, 95% of brokerage houses are struggling with operating losses due to sluggish trading.
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Industry Monitor
The Power Division has requested Bangladesh Bank's intervention to recover Tk 8.50 billion stuck with the financially troubled National Bank Limited (NBL), which has failed to transfer the remaining funds from a total of Tk 13.29 billion deposited by the Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) across three accounts in its Motijheel and foreign exchange branches.
After interest rates were liberalized in May 2024, agricultural loan rates surged to 15–18%, up from a previous cap of 8%, resulting in a notable decline in disbursements. In the first eight months of the current fiscal year, banks disbursed Tk 22,126 crore in agricultural loans, which is Tk 1,565 crore or 6.60% less than the same period last year.
Over 60 large borrowers in Bangladesh have applied for loan restructuring amid severe financial distress driven by factors such as the COVID-19 aftermath, the Russia-Ukraine war, global economic slowdown, political instability, and currency devaluation. The Bangladesh Bank formed a five-member committee in January 2025 to assess the proposals, with loan sizes ranging from Tk150 crore to Tk12,500 crore and most seeking restructuring over a 15-year term.
Company Monitor
TRANSFORM, an impact accelerator led by Unilever, the UK Government, and EY, announced grants of up to BDT 10 million each for two Bangladeshi SMEs focused on climate resilience.
A proposed hike in gas prices by Petrobangla has sparked major concerns among industrialists in Bangladesh, fearing economic harm. Industrial leaders argue that the increase, if approved, could lead to factory closures, job losses, and reduced industrial output, harming economic growth and potentially causing social unrest.
In FY 2023-24, the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) faced operating losses due to reduced trading, fewer IPOs, and increased costs. The DSE's core revenue of Tk 125 crore fell short of expenses, causing a Tk 20 crore loss, while the CSE incurred a Tk 10 crore loss with Tk 31 crore in core revenue.
Economic
Monitor
Economic Monitor
Bangladesh's readymade garment (RMG) exports to the United States saw a significant 26.64% increase during January-February 2025, reaching $1.50 billion, compared to $1.18 billion in the same period of 2024. This growth outpaced other major exporters like India, Pakistan, and Vietnam. In January, RMG exports surged by 45.9%, amounting to $799.65 million.
Bangladesh's current account deficit (CAD) decreased significantly to $1.27 billion during the July-February period of FY25, down from $4.07 billion in the same period of the previous fiscal year. This improvement is mainly attributed to higher remittance inflows, which increased by 22.6%, and a 9.1% growth in export earnings. Consequently, the balance of payments (BoP) deficit also improved, dropping to $1.11 billion from $4.44 billion in FY24.
The government has proposed a Tk 8,00,000 crore budget for FY 2025-26, targeting 6% GDP growth and 6.5% inflation. The development budget is projected between Tk 2,30,000 crore and Tk 2,40,000 crore, with a revenue target of Tk 5,85,000 crore.
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Bizdata Insights is a Market Intelligence, Data & Business Advisory platform in Bangladesh driving the Trade, Business & Investment opportunities in Bangladesh.
We provide Bangladesh Economic & Market Intelligence, Economic, Market & Financial Data of 70+ business sectors of Bangladesh, and offer Business Advisory services for Investors & Business professionals so that they can make intelligent decisions on Investment & Business with confidence.