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Poverty in Bangladesh is worsening as inflation consistently outpaces wage growth, leaving millions unable to afford basic necessities. Over the past three years, food and living costs have surged, but incomes have stagnated, pushing almost three million more people into extreme poverty in 2025. Real wages lag behind rising prices, particularly affecting those in the informal sector, who make up most of the workforce and lack job security. Economic growth is slowing due to weak investment and revenue collection, while the government’s social protection efforts are insufficient. Experts and the World Bank stress the urgent need for inflation control, social safety nets, and wage policies linked to inflation to prevent further deepening of poverty and inequality.
The government is planning to convert several closed jute, sugar, and textile mills into economic zones to better utilize idle land and attract industrial investment. The Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority (Beza) has identified three initial candidates-Karim Jute Mills in Dhaka, Kushtia Sugar Mills, and Mohini Textile Mills in Kushtia-for this transformation. This move is part of a broader effort to repurpose non-operational state-run factories, many of which have suffered from financial losses, outdated technology, and diminished market demand. These sites have substantial existing infrastructure and access to utilities, making them attractive for new businesses. Officials hope that turning these shuttered mills-many in prime industrial locations-into economic zones will spur growth, prevent further decay, and capitalize on investor interest in these areas.
Bangladesh’s high import tariffs-averaging over 27%, nearly triple the global average-have long sparked debate but little reform due to concerns over revenue loss. With the country set to graduate from Least Developed Country (LDC) status next year, experts and business leaders stress the urgent need for tariff rationalisation to maintain export competitiveness. While some token reductions have been made, most tariffs, especially on consumer and luxury goods, remain among the world’s highest, with duties reaching up to 800%. The current tariff structure not only increases costs for consumers and stifles competition but also risks trade disputes and undermines global market access. Economists warn that, post-LDC graduation, Bangladesh will lose preferential trade benefits and must align its tariffs with global norms to avoid losing ground in global exports.
Shah Amanat International Airport in Chattogram is set to revive its 270-tonne cargo hub as part of a broader plan to strengthen Bangladesh’s air cargo infrastructure and prepare for new export routes, including direct cargo flights to China. The airport has launched a phased strategy to expand cargo operations, address operational hurdles, and upgrade facilities with cold storage, modern equipment, and a long-term master plan. This move follows India’s cancellation of transshipment privileges, presenting an opportunity for Bangladesh to boost self-reliance in air freight. Direct cargo flights to China are expected soon, and discussions are ongoing with China Eastern Airlines. However, the lack of international safety standards like EDS and RA3 currently limits direct exports to the EU. Stakeholders note that efficient cargo capacity in Chattogram would save time and costs for exporters, especially those in the city’s industrial areas. Authorities and business leaders emphasize that expanding cargo operations in Chattogram will unlock significant export and economic benefits by reducing dependence on Dhaka and facilitating faster shipments.
Experts at a recent seminar emphasized Bangladesh’s urgent need for a long-term financing roadmap to expand renewable energy and achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. They highlighted the necessity for monetary policies that encourage commercial lenders to invest in renewables. The suggested approach includes collaboration between state-owned and private banks for large-scale project financing, as the current reliance on fossil fuels is both costly and environmentally harmful. Presently, renewables contribute just 4% to power generation, with local banks able to meet only 9% of future financing needs if trends persist. Industry leaders also noted that while renewable projects can become financially viable within four years, international agencies often take over financing at later stages, causing challenges for local banks. Progress in sustainable finance is improving, but experts call for fixed financing targets and greater prioritization of renewables.
Biman Bangladesh Airlines will operate 226 dedicated flights for Hajj this year, consisting of 118 pre-Hajj and 108 post-Hajj flights. Pre-Hajj flights will run from April 29 to May 31, with 96 flights from Dhaka to Jeddah and Medina, and 22 flights from Chattogram and Sylhet. Post-Hajj flights will operate from June 10 to July 10, with 27 flights from Medina to Dhaka, 59 from Jeddah to Dhaka, and additional services to Chattogram and Sylhet. A total of 87,100 Bangladeshi pilgrims will perform Hajj this year, with Biman transporting 44,000 (about 50% of the total). Saudia Airlines and Flynas will handle the remaining passengers. Despite the tight schedule, over 1,000 pilgrims still await visas due to transport agreement issues, though resolution is expected soon. Biman will utilize its own aircraft for all flights, ensuring comprehensive support for the pilgrimage.
TRANSFORM, an impact accelerator led by Unilever, the UK Government, and EY, announced grants of up to BDT 10 million each for two Bangladeshi SMEs focused on climate resilience. Deshifarmer, an agri-tech platform, connects farmers directly to consumers, aiming to benefit 3,000 farmers and 20,000 consumers in its first year. Techno Plastic Solution addresses ocean plastic pollution by improving collection infrastructure and launching a pilot program in Kuakata to collect 100 tonnes of plastic waste monthly. The Bangladesh Climate Challenge, launched in October 2023, supports enterprises working on climate resilience through funding and resources. This collaboration between Unilever, the UK Government, and EY marks their first joint effort in Bangladesh. TRANSFORM has previously supported 10 other enterprises in Bangladesh, impacting over three million lives.
A proposed hike in gas prices by Petrobangla has sparked major concerns among industrialists in Bangladesh, fearing economic harm. Industrial leaders argue that the increase, if approved, could lead to factory closures, job losses, and reduced industrial output, harming economic growth and potentially causing social unrest. Critics like Kutubuddin Ahmed and Abdullah Hil Rakib highlight that rising power and production costs already challenge competitiveness. The proposal affects new and existing gas users, with significant cost increases tied to LNG imports and additional charges. Industry leaders urge the government to reconsider the proposal, warning of the detrimental impact on both industries and the broader economy.
In FY 2023-24, the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) faced operating losses due to reduced trading, fewer IPOs, and increased costs. The DSE’s core revenue of Tk 125 crore fell short of expenses, causing a Tk 20 crore loss, while the CSE incurred a Tk 10 crore loss with Tk 31 crore in core revenue. Both exchanges relied on fixed deposit interest to achieve net profits of Tk 61 crore (DSE) and Tk 31 crore (CSE).
Declining daily turnovers, down to Tk 622 crore for the DSE, coupled with poor fund management and risky investments in troubled banks and NBFIs, exacerbated challenges. Experts recommend reforms, product diversification, and stronger company listings to revitalize the market. Meanwhile, 95% of brokerage houses are struggling with operating losses due to sluggish trading.
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Industry Monitor
Shah Amanat International Airport in Chattogram is set to revive its 270-tonne cargo hub as part of a broader plan to strengthen Bangladesh’s air cargo infrastructure and prepare for new export routes, including direct cargo flights to China.
Experts at a recent seminar emphasized Bangladesh’s urgent need for a long-term financing roadmap to expand renewable energy and achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. They highlighted the necessity for monetary policies that encourage commercial lenders to invest in renewables.
Biman Bangladesh Airlines will operate 226 dedicated flights for Hajj this year, consisting of 118 pre-Hajj and 108 post-Hajj flights. Pre-Hajj flights will run from April 29 to May 31, with 96 flights from Dhaka to Jeddah and Medina, and 22 flights from Chattogram and Sylhet.
Company Monitor
TRANSFORM, an impact accelerator led by Unilever, the UK Government, and EY, announced grants of up to BDT 10 million each for two Bangladeshi SMEs focused on climate resilience.
A proposed hike in gas prices by Petrobangla has sparked major concerns among industrialists in Bangladesh, fearing economic harm. Industrial leaders argue that the increase, if approved, could lead to factory closures, job losses, and reduced industrial output, harming economic growth and potentially causing social unrest.
In FY 2023-24, the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) faced operating losses due to reduced trading, fewer IPOs, and increased costs. The DSE's core revenue of Tk 125 crore fell short of expenses, causing a Tk 20 crore loss, while the CSE incurred a Tk 10 crore loss with Tk 31 crore in core revenue.
Economic
Monitor
Economic Monitor
The government is planning to convert several closed jute, sugar, and textile mills into economic zones to better utilize idle land and attract industrial investment. The Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority (Beza) has identified three initial candidates-Karim Jute Mills in Dhaka, Kushtia Sugar Mills, and Mohini Textile Mills in Kushtia-for this transformation.
Poverty in Bangladesh is worsening as inflation consistently outpaces wage growth, leaving millions unable to afford basic necessities. Over the past three years, food and living costs have surged, but incomes have stagnated, pushing almost three million more people into extreme poverty in 2025.
Bangladesh’s high import tariffs-averaging over 27%, nearly triple the global average-have long sparked debate but little reform due to concerns over revenue loss. With the country set to graduate from Least Developed Country (LDC) status next year, experts and business leaders stress the urgent need for tariff rationalisation to maintain export competitiveness.
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Bizdata Insights is a Market Intelligence, Data & Business Advisory platform in Bangladesh driving the Trade, Business & Investment opportunities in Bangladesh.
We provide Bangladesh Economic & Market Intelligence, Economic, Market & Financial Data of 70+ business sectors of Bangladesh, and offer Business Advisory services for Investors & Business professionals so that they can make intelligent decisions on Investment & Business with confidence.