The sugar industry in Bangladesh has shifted from state-run mills to five private enterprises, five private sugar mills cater to more than 98 percent of the country’s 20 lakh tonne annual requirement for refined sugar, with the raw sugar mostly sourced from Brazil, with Meghna Group and City Group alone importing 70% of the 17 lakh tonnes of raw sugar in 2023. These companies now dominate the market, worth over Tk 9,000 crore in fiscal year 2022-23. State-run mills’ production declined by 87.5% since 2001-02, leading to concerns over import reliance and market control. The private sector’s entry stabilized supply but increased vulnerability to price fluctuations due to single-country dependence on Brazil for raw sugar. Expanding state agency market operations is suggested as a solution to market control by a few firms.
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