China’s popularity in Bangladesh due to development-finance aid under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has shown some fluctuations, according to a report by the William and Mary Global Research Institute. The study indicates that public approval of China in Bangladesh was 49% between 2006 and 2013, rose to 60% in 2014-2018, and dropped to 50% in 2019-2022.
During the late BRI period, China significantly increased its aid and credit commitments to Bangladesh, becoming the single-largest development partner in the country. China’s projects in Bangladesh have mainly focused on power plants, transmission lines, bridges, and infrastructure projects.
Despite the financial support, public opinion toward China has not been straightforward, suggesting the complex relationship between development finance and soft power. In recent years, China has focused its credit efforts in Bangladesh on bankable infrastructure projects, including a fertilizer factory and upgrades to the internet broadband network and power plants. During the late BRI period, Beijing provided $2.3 billion per year in new official development assistance aid.