In 2022, the migration rate from cities to villages nearly doubled, reaching 10.9 per 1,000 people, while urban-to-rural migration saw a 43.47% increase to 26.4. The Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics attributed this shift to rising living costs outpacing incomes. Factors like pandemic aftershocks, inflation, and global crises like the Russia-Ukraine war played roles. Notably, 63.4% migrated for family reasons, while economic opportunities were a close second at 16%. Experts note that reversing urbanization trends could lead to long-term shifts, emphasizing policy support for rural innovation and employment, along with urban social security enhancements, to mitigate economic strains and leverage expertise.
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